Cnut’s stepson, the famed Edward the Confessor became the King in 1042 and built Westminster Abbey and the first Palace of Westminster which is now known as the Houses of Parliament. A london guide for kids Alberto Garrido. The Tower of London: a medieval fortress, in very good condition, which has marked the history of England. Get Tickets. Infographic & Videos on London history timeline facts tells the beginning of London story from Roman London to Modern London. On the same spot today stands Leadenhall Market, an 1881 creation of cast iron and glass. This is why it is such a heavily visited city, with over 17 million people flocking to London in 2014 alone, according to the BBC.. London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom and one of the largest and most important cities in the world. What happened to London over the next two centuries is a matter of conjecture. Towards the end of the war in 1944 - 45, pilotless rockets known as the V-1 and V-2 were developed and launched at England from Nazi-occupied territories; this was known as the Baby Blitz or its official name, Operation Steinbock. The plague first started in the Netherlands in 1663 so shipping from there was banned officially, however, illegal shipping continued and the plague reached the coastal town of Yarmouth. London possessed 30,000 inhabitants as early as the third century. The name Scotland Yard invokes the image of a foggy London street being patrolled by a detective in a trench coat puffing smoke from his pipe. The King took swift action however, and Warbeck was caught and hung. In 1829, after a heavy increase in crime, the Home Secretary and soon to be Prime Minister, Robert Peel, formed the Metropolitan Police, which was a police force designed to operate in the whole of London (this led to the common nickname for a policeman to be bobby or peeler, after Robert Peeler). Written during the Mexican Revolution, while London was in El Paso, Texas, "The Mexican" was first published in the Saturday Evening Post.In 1913 it was republished by Grosset & Dunlap in the collection of short stories The Night Born. Mayfair was full of luxurious townhouses and was part of seven different estates: Grosvenor, Burlington, Berkeley, Curzon, Milfield, Conduit Mead, and Albemarle Ground estates. The Anglo-Saxon King, Alfred the Great took control of Lundenburg and renewed its fortifications, this was useful because in 996, Sweyn Forkbeard, the King of Denmark, attacked the city but was defeated. In 1855, an organisation called the Metropolitan Board of Work was founded to manage the infrastructure in the growing city, and their first task was to deal with London’s lack of sanitation. A SHORT HISTORY OF ENGLAND. London is the city region with the highest population in the United Kingdom. When the Romans left Britannia, settlers from Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands arrived in search of a new homeland; these people formed the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. The sewage system designed by Joseph Bazalgette reduced the number of deaths and diseases in London; the system is still in use today. The total of deaths of Londoners from the German air raids was 670 and a further 1,960 were injured. After World War II, London’s population decreased from 8.6 million in 1939 to around 6.8 million in the 1980s, but since the 80s it began to increase again after receiving a much more positive image. Later in the year, the V-2 rockets, which were bigger and more dangerous, were launched killing 2,754 civilians in London with another 6,523 injured; the area of Croydon suffered from the pilotless rockets the most. The plan failed as it was discovered by the King and the conspirators were executed; this event is remembered by celebrating Bonfire Night, also known as Guy Fawkes Night, on the 5th of November every year where people set off of fireworks and light bonfires. The American colonies broke away from the British Empire in the 18th century. Londinium was destroyed in 60 AD following a revolt led by Queen Boudicca and her tribe, the Iceni, but was then rebuilt after her defeat and death. A Brief History of Ireland. Because virtually every reign since then has added its contribution, the Tower incorporates architecture from many periods. 3000BC The Megalithic tombs are constructed,(Newgrange) . A summary of a classic Wordsworth sonnet ‘Milton! A growth in population also meant an increase in the crime rate, especially in slum areas. Coffeehouses were a popular place in the 18th century to debate ideas, and the increasing rate of literacy meant that news was more widely available than before. Over the years there had been several plagues that effected London but the eight and last one was known as the “Great Plague” and brought very terrible times upon the city’s inhabitants. Since disorder in the realm provoked unrest in the city, London usually supported strong, orderly government, especially in such crises as the deposition of Edward II (1327) and Richard II (1399), the Peasants’ Revolt in 1381, and the rebellion headed by Jack Cade (1450). The British Museum in London is one of the world's largest and most important museums of human history and culture.It has more than seven million objects from all continents. The growing population also meant that infrastructure in London had to be improved to accommodate the increasing amount of commuting. The Clean Air Act of 1956 created smokeless zones which helped the problem. Presentation about London's attractions guest2393a8. It was at this time, during the 16th century, that William Shakespeare lived and worked in London. Using stone axes the farmers began clearing the forests that covered England. The city’s future importance as a centre of financial and military—and therefore political—power became clear at the time of the Norman Conquest (1066). The Greater London Council was abolished in the 80s after a government dispute and London became the only metropolis without central administration. Step inside and you can enjoy the Cathedral's awe-inspiring interior, and uncover fascinating stories about its history. By astute purchase from needy monarchs, the guilds—100 of them by 1400—were able to buy increasing freedom from royal intrusion in their affairs and further their self-government. In the 3rd century, Londinium was raided several times by Saxon pirates resulting in the Romans building even more defensive structures including a riverside wall. The first mayor of London, Henry Fitzailwyn, probably took office in 1192. The areas, Whitechapel, Wapping, Stepney and Limehouse became heavily populated with the dockworkers and their families, turning them into slums. After the death of Queen Elizabeth I in 1603, James I became King of England starting the Stuart period, James I was already the King of Scotland, as James VI, before becoming the King of both countries after the Union of the Crowns which put England, Ireland and Scotland under the ownership of a single monarch. The engineer Joseph Bazalgette proposed his idea to the London authorities; he wanted to build a series of sewage pipes that would pump the waste outside of the urban area and not onto the banks of the Thames. This is the period of Charles Dickens (1812-1870) With it being located along River Thames, London has been a central city since it was founded by the Romans two millennia ago under the name Londinium. now England. London nearly came under attack in 1497 when Perkin Warbeck, a pretender to the throne, camped outside the city with his band of followers. Some executions took place within the confines of the Tower, but most were carried out on Tower Hill just beyond. In total there were 71 air raids between 1940 and 1941, afterward the raids were less intense when Adolf Hitler focused his attention on the Eastern Front after failing to defeat Britain. Death In Parliament Is Not Illegal. In between Edwards’s death and Mary coming to the throne, Lady Jane Grey reigned for just nine days but was removed by Mary who had her beheaded. The English liked Ireland and stayed until 1922 and are still rulers of … During the third century, Londinium, the name given to the town by the Romans, had a population of 50,000, mainly due to the influence of its major port. 20 Interesting History Facts About London To Tell Your Friends. 795 Invasion by the Vikings. Much to the dismay of property owners, the King ordered houses that weren’t burnt to be demolished in order to create fire breaks but by this time the fire was out of control and had even destroyed the city’s wooden water pipes. London history is a popular topic for debates and discussions, as well as a well-liked subject amongst students. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids. When the legions were recalled to Rome early in the 5th century, there was widespread abandonment of property. A brief introduction to the complicated evolution of the historic city of London. In 1888, the Metropolitan Board of Works was replaced by the County of London and was administered by the London County Council. Prior to the bombings, hundreds and thousands of children were evacuated and were saved from the deadly raids; remaining citizens had to hide in air raid shelters built in the back gardens of houses. So he ordered his men to erect wood and wicker canopies over their boats. See search results for this author. A map of London was made in 1746 by John Rocque; this map was vital evidence that London expanded much out of its former boundaries in the 18th century. In 1738 the areas of Piccadilly and Oxford Street were full of buildings and much congested, unlike Mayfair. The English speaking relatively well populated 13 colonies are hemmed in and don’t like it and feel let down by their brothers in London. Three years after the Second World War, the 1948 Summer Olympics were held in Wembley Stadium and the Festival of Britain in 1951 lifting people’s moods after a depressing period during the war. By 1939 there were 8.6 million people living in London. The first lines of the London Underground were constructed in 1863. In 1888 to 1891 the world-famous murders of the notorious Jack the Ripper took place in Whitechapel in the East End. A brief History of London. The biggest explosion in London’s history also happened at this time, the Silvertown Explosion where a munitions factory containing 50 tonnes of TNT, in West Ham, blew up killing 73 people and injuring a further 400 more. Also in 2000, the Millennium Dome in Greenwich was constructed and the London Eye or Millennium Eye (which actually opened on the last day of 1999) was completed and continues to attract four million visitors a year.
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