2 Re-education Camp had transferred thousands detainees and removed barbed wire from the perimeter of the camp walls. [141][142][143] In September 2018, the Associated Press reported that thousands of boarding schools were being built. ", "China Rebuked by 22 Nations Over Xinjiang Repression", Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, "Activists hail Qatar withdrawal from pro-China text over Uighurs", "China's treatment of Uyghurs in Xinjiang divides UN members", "Statement at UN supports China on Xinjiang", "Joint Statement by Cuba at the United Nations Third Committee", "Joint Statement on the Human Rights Situation in Xinjiang and the Recent Developments in Hong Kong, Delivered by Germany on Behalf of 39 Countries", "US Rejects China's Request For UN to Cut Ties With NGO Linked to Exiled Uyghur Leader", "U.S. Once Jailed Uighurs, Now Defends Them at U.N.", "Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination reviews the report of China", "U.N. 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[194][195], Anar Sabit, an ethnic Kazakh from Kuytun living in Canada who was imprisoned in 2017 after returning home following the death of her father, was detained for having gone abroad. The site of a suspected internment camp in Shufu County, Xinjiang, as seen in satellite imagery in May 2017 Shawn Zhang / Google Earth [205][206][207], Former inmates claim that they are required to learn to sing the national anthem of China and communist songs. 1 Internment Camp in the Yengisher district of Kuqa county had died, corroborating earlier reports attributed to Himit Qari, former area police chief. The thinktank said this may suggest a shift toward "higher-security prison-style facilities", as opposed to the low-security re-education centres. (p.8), The most outstanding disagreement we have with China concerns the human rights situation in China, as underlined in your Report. 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After receiving the allegations, no disbursements were made on the project. China's mass internment of its ethnic Uyghur population appears to be the largest imprisonment of people on the basis of religion since the Holocaust. Internal fencing, barbed wire and external perimeter walls had been removed from many Tier 1 and Tier 2 facilities. Washington D.C., Feb 3, 2021 / 03:30 pm (CNA).- Warning: graphic and disturbing content below. Supplied: Australian Strategic Policy Institute. [50][51] During this time, militant Uyghur separatist organizations with potential support from the Soviet Union emerged, with the East Turkestan People's Party being the largest in 1968. Cultivated by the US government as human rights activists, Uyghur American Association leaders partner with far-right lawmakers and operate a militia-style gun club that trains with ex-US special forces. [149] Human Rights Watch claimed that the children detained at child welfare facilities and boarding schools were held without parental consent or access. "[17] Xi encouraged officials to study how the US responded following the September 11 attacks. Many relatives of the detained living abroad have told us they still have no … [252], In October 2020, Axios reported that more countries at the UN joined the condemnation of China over Xinjiang abuses. ", On 6 December 2019, China's Foreign Ministry spokesperson. [41], Various Chinese dynasties have historically exerted various degrees of control and influence over parts of what is modern-day Xinjiang. [2], The heavily policed region and thousands of check points assisted and accelerated the detention of locals in the camps. [17] Xi likened Islamic extremism alternately to a virus-like contagion and a dangerously addictive drug, and declared that addressing it would require “a period of painful, interventionary treatment.”[17], The China Daily reported in 2018 that CCP official Wang Yongzhi was removed for "serious disciplinary violations. 1 million – 3 million over several years (2019 Schriver estimate)[5][6], The Xinjiang internment camps,[a] officially called Xinjiang Vocational Education and Training Centers (Chinese: 新疆职业技能教育培训中心[11]) by the government of China,[12][13][14][15] are internment camps operated by the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region government and its Chinese Communist Party (CCP) provincial committee. [145][146][147][148] In a paper published in the Journal of Political Risk, Zenz calls the effort a "systematic campaign of social re-engineering and cultural genocide". [138][139], In a 2018 report from US government-funded Radio Free Asia, Awat County (Awati) was said to have three re-education camps. [62][63] These included the August 2009 syringe attacks,[64] the 2011 bomb-and-knife attack in Hotan,[65] the March 2014 knife attack in the Kunming railway station,[66] the April 2014 bomb-and-knife attack in the Ürümqi railway station,[67] and the May 2014 car-and-bomb attack in an Ürümqi street market. They had also raised their concerns regarding a range of issues of grave concern, including the collective repression of the population, especially religious and ethnic minorities in Xinjiang and. Officials were directed to say that even grandparents and family members who seemed too old to carry out violence could not be spared. Since 1949, Han migration to the region has diluted the ethnic ratio. [170] Reports of Uyghurs living or studying abroad being detained upon return to Xinjiang are common, which is thought to be connected to the re-education camps. The Chinese government has detained at least 800,000 and possibly more than 2 million Uyghurs in “reeducation centers,” marking the largest mass internment of an ethnic-religious minority group since World War II, according to The Guardian. But now there may also be satellite evidence contradicting China's claim. JW", "This chilling @nytimes expose on the mass detention of Muslims by #China is a must-read! Beijing often attributes criticism of its Xinjiang policies from Western governments and rights groups to "ideological prejudice" and "double standards". [26][27][28], As of 2019[update], it was estimated that Chinese authorities may have detained up to 1.5 million people, mostly Uyghurs but also including Kazakhs, Kyrgyz and other ethnic Turkic Muslims, Christians as well as some foreign citizens such as Kazakhstanis, who are being held in these secretive internment camps which are located throughout the region. Uyghur detainees in a camp in Lop County, Xinjiang, in April 2017. [27] The trend accelerated in 2018 when the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and the State Administration for Religious Affairs were placed under the control of the United Front Work Department. She found other minorities were interned for offenses such as using forbidden technology (WhatsApp, a V.P.N. ... "There is no such concentration camp in Xinjiang" On 15 February 2018, Kazakh Foreign Minister Kairat Abdrakhmanov sent a diplomatic note to the Chinese Foreign Ministry, the same day as Kayrat Samarkand was freed from custody. ... Mehmet Tohti is a prominent Uyghur human rights activist living in … On 23 April, MP's led by Sir Iain Duncan Smith passed a motion declaring the mass detention of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang province a, On 3 April 2018, U.S. Gene Bunin created the Xinjiang Victims Database[189] to collect public testimonies on people detained in the camps. But according to ASPI's monitoring of satellite imagery, it seemed many of these facilities have been "desecuritised", and in some cases appeared to be decommissioned altogether. Sixteen countries that defended China in 2019 did not do so in 2020. In addition there have been terror attacks in Xinjiang or by Uyghurs in 2009, 2013, and 2014. Up until that moment, no Uyghur had publicly spoken about concentration camps or confronted the Chinese government. The Goal: 'Transformation. [45][46][47] In 1934, the First Turkestan Republic was conquered by warlord Sheng Shicai with the aid of the Soviet Union before Sheng reconciled with the Republic of China in 1942. [4] In November 2019, Adrian Zenz estimated that the number of internment camps in Xinjiang had surpassed 1,000. "[17], We must be as harsh as them and show absolutely no mercy. Each page lists basic demographic information including dates and suspected cause of detention, location, in addition to supplementary videos, photos and documents. [204] China's Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying has stated that Tursun was taken into custody by police on "suspicion of inciting ethnic hatred and discrimination" for a period lasting 20 days, but denies that Tursun was detained in a re-education camp. [238], In 2018, the Financial Times reported that the Yutian / Keriya county vocational training centre, among the largest of the Xinjiang re-education camps, had opened a forced labour facility including eight factories spanning shoemaking, mobile phone assembly and tea packaging, giving a base monthly salary of CN¥1,500. And despite Beijing's claim late last year that all detainees had "graduated" from the facilities, the thinktank said major detention camps were still in operation across Xinjiang. [88], In April 2010, after the Ürümqi riots, Zhang Chunxian replaced Wang Lequan as the Communist Party chief. [171][172]:1:23, Uyghur political figure Rebiya Kadeer, who has been in exile since 2005, has had as many as 30 relatives detained or disappeared, including her sisters, brothers, children, grandchildren, and siblings, according to Amnesty International. CBP identified forced labor indicators including highly coercive/unfree recruitment, work and life under duress, and restriction of movement. The New York Times stated that the leak suggests discontent inside the Communist Party relating to the crackdown in Xinjiang. He refused, to round up everyone who should be rounded up". [239] Conditions of these factories were consistent with the stipulations of forced labor as defined by the International Labor Organization. [397][398] In December 2020, the International Criminal Court declined to take investigative action against China on the basis of not having jurisdiction over China for most of the alleged crimes. He said the plan is for the database to continue to grow, and for the Xinjiang Data Project to be "a living site that will keep being updated with analysis and data sets". 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