Antoine de Bourbon temporarily allied himself with the Protestants but changed sides and was mortally wounded in battle against them. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! An arranged marriage to Margaret of Valois, daughter of Henry II and Catherine de' Medici, brought Parisian Catholics and visiting Huguenots together in an uneasy standoff. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France. Henry had just turned 13 when his mother brought him back to Béarn. Peace was concluded in August 1570, and a very liberal edict was granted the Protestants. His common sense—one of his outstanding traits, except in love affairs—manifested itself when civil war broke out anew at the end of 1576. During the 1893 Columbian Exposition, he lured victims into his elaborate 'Murder Castle.'. The Crown and Conflict. H.H. From 1561 to 1567 he lived with his second cousins, the children of the king of France, among whom was his future wife Margaret. Henry IV granted religious freedom to Protestants by issuing the Edict of Nantes during his reign as king of France, from 1589 to 1610. Christian Desplat states, "With Henry IV, the king of France was rebaptized as the first soldier of the realm; the function of monarchy had thus returned to its original purpose." The Protestants were surprised and defeated near Jarnac on March 13, 1569, by the Duke d’Anjou, the future Henry III, and Condé was killed. Upon the death of François, Duke of Anjou, in 1584, Henry became heir to the throne of France. Henry was born in a time of turmoil. He converted to Catholicism, and after winning several key battles, Paris finally capitulated on March 22, 1594. Once free, he displayed his sharp intellect and political acumen in his role as protector of the Protestant churches. In February 1576, however, he at last succeeded in escaping from the French court, whereupon he recanted and joined the combined forces of Protestants and Catholic rebels against Henry III. The long campaign through the ravaged provinces, extending from Poitou to the heart of Burgundy, forged in him the soldierly spirit that he would retain throughout his life and made him reflect on the disaster that had befallen the kingdom. Heinrich wurde am 13. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Despite converting to Catholicism after becoming king of France in 1589, Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes to foster religious tolerance. While in the service of Spain, the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan led the first European voyage of discovery to circumnavigate the globe. He fought the Catholics for 4 years until he converted to Catholicism to end the fighting. Next year, France will hold a national Mass and funeral for Henry IV. In a macabre postscript, the head of Henry IV's embalmed body was reportedly lost after revolutionaries ransacked the Basilica in 1793. Henry IV is considered one of the greatest kings of France and was instrumental in ending the French Wars Of Religion . His Dad Had Enemies. The Henri IV Hotel invites you on a journey through literary and artistic Paris in the heart of the historic district of the city of lights. But once he took power in 1589, he was in a situation where France was in war. Meanwhile, upon his mother’s death in June 1572, Prince Henry became king of Navarre and sovereign lord of Béarn. set sail to France in 1415, just two years after his coronation. Henry IV of France was a famous King of France, who was born on December 13, 1553.As a person born on this date, Henry IV of France is listed in our database as the … His parents were Queen Jeanne III and King Antoine of Navarre. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-IV-king-of-France, Web Gallery of Art - Biography of Henry IV, Gaston-Jean-Baptiste, duc d’Orléans, duc d’Anjou. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). the son of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme and Queen Jeanne III of Navarre. 1600-08-06 Henry IV of France invades Savoy after negotiations break down over Saluzzo, controlled by Savoy since 1588 1610-05-14 Henry IV of France is assassinated by fanatical Catholic François Ravaillac who stabs him to death in the streets of Paris Edward VIII became king of the United Kingdom following the death of his father, George V, but ruled for less than a year. He was opposed by the Holy League, made up of Catholic aristocrats, and Pope Clement VIII, who excommunicated the French heir from the church. Around that time, Henry also issued the Edict of Nantes, which confirmed Roman Catholicism as the state religion but granted religious freedom to Protestants. Henry IV of France's wives and mistresses - Henry IV of France's wives and mistresses played a significant role in the politics of his reign. Henry de Bourbon-Navarre was the son of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke de Vendôme, and Jeanne d’Albret, queen of Navarre from 1555. Pope Clement reversed Henry's excommunication and Henry brokered the Peace of Vervins between France and Spain on May 2, 1598. Henry IV (13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), Henri-Quatre (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʁiˈkatʁ]), also known by the epithet "Good King Henry", was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. Louis XVII was recognized by royalists as the King of France from 1793, when he was 8, until his death in 1795. Henry IV, also called (until 1572) Prince de Béarn, byname Henry of Navarre, or Henry of Bourbon, French Henri de Navarre, or Henry de Bourbon, (born Dec. 13, 1553, Pau, Béarn, Navarre [France]—died May 14, 1610, Paris, France), king of Navarre (as Henry III, 1572–89) and first Bourbon king of France (1589–1610), who, at the end of the Wars of Religion, abjured Protestantism and converted to Roman Catholicism (1593) in order to win Paris and reunify France. https://www.biography.com/royalty/henry-iv. Formerly known as Henri of Navarre, he succeeded to the French throne with the extinction of House of Valois, at the death of Henry III of France. He was succeeded by Queen Elizabeth II in 1952. Both Henry (1553–1610) and his first wife Margaret of Valois, whom he married in 1572, were r Desc: Henry IV, also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. Henry distinguished himself at the Battle of Arnay-le-Duc on June 26, 1570, when he led the first charge of the Huguenot cavalry. Following the death of his mother in June 1572, Henry became king of Navarre. Updates? In the autumn of 1567, he served as nominal head of a punitive expedition launched against the rebellious Roman Catholic gentry of lower Navarre, which ended in an easy victory. In the year, 1598, Henry puts the Edict of … The founder of the Bourbon dynasty, Henry IV, who ruled France from 1589 to 1610, is the most romantic of French kings.